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The use of adhesives by humans has been known for thousands of years. However, epoxy adhesives have only been around for more than 50 years since around 1950. With the advancement of various adhesive theory in the middle of the 20th century, as well as the in-depth progress of basic research such as adhesive interface chemistry, adhesive theory, and adhesive destruction mechanism, the performance, variety, and application of adhesives have progressed rapidly.
Due to its high bonding strength and versatility, epoxy adhesives have been known as “all-purpose adhesives” and “strongly adhesive”. Has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automotive, machinery, construction, chemicals, light industry, electronics, electrical appliances and daily life.
Epoxy adhesives are liquid or solid adhesives composed of epoxy resins, curing agents, accelerators, modifiers, thinners, fillers, and the like. The adhesive process of epoxy adhesive is a complex physical and chemical process, including steps such as infiltration, adhesion, and curing.
Finally, a cured product of a three-dimensional cross-linked structure is formed, and the adherend is integrated into a whole. Bonding properties (strength, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, impermeability, etc.) depend not only on the structure and properties of the adhesive, but also on the structure and adhesive properties of the adherend surface, as well as the design of the joint, the preparation process of the adhesive and storage.
Adhesive bonding processes are closely related, and they are also restricted by the surrounding environment (stress, temperature, humidity, medium, etc.). Therefore, the application of epoxy adhesive is a systematic project.
The properties of the epoxy adhesive must be compatible with the above factors affecting the bonding performance in order to obtain the best results. The use of the same formulation of epoxy adhesive to connect different objects, or using different bonding conditions, or in different use environments, its performance will be very different.
Epoxy adhesive features -
Epoxy adhesives have the following advantages over other types of adhesives:
(1) Epoxy resins contain a variety of polar groups and highly reactive epoxy groups, and therefore are highly reactive with many polar materials such as metals, glass, cement, wood, and plastics, especially materials with high surface activity. The adhesive strength, together with the cohesive strength of the cured epoxy, is very high, so its bonding strength is high.
(2) When the epoxy resin is cured, substantially no low molecular volatiles are generated. The shrinkage rate of the adhesive layer is small, about 1% to 2%, and it is one of the lowest curing shrinkage rate among thermosetting resins. After adding the filler can be reduced to 0.2% or less. The linear expansion coefficient of the epoxy cured product is also small. Therefore, the internal stress is small, and the impact on the bonding strength is small. In addition, the creep of the epoxy cured product is small, so the dimensional stability of the adhesive layer is good.
(3) Epoxy resins, curing agents and modifiers are available in many varieties and can be formulated with reasonable and ingenious formulas to provide the necessary technical properties (eg, rapid cure, room temperature cure, low temperature cure, water cure, low viscosity , high viscosity, etc.), and have the required performance (such as high temperature, low temperature, high strength, high flexibility, anti-aging, conductive, magnetic, thermal conductivity, etc.).
(4) It has good compatibility and reactivity with various organics (monomer, resin, rubber) and inorganic substances (such as fillers, etc.), and is easy to modify by copolymerization, cross-linking, blending, filling, etc. Improve the performance of the adhesive layer.
(5) Good corrosion resistance and dielectric properties. Can resist acid, alkali, salt, solvent and other media corrosion. Volume resistivity 1013-1016Ω·cm, dielectric strength 16-35kV/mm.
(6) General-purpose epoxy resins, curing agents, and additives are produced in large quantities, yields are large, and they are easy to formulate, can be contact molded, and can be applied on a large scale.
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